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Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.6(FastCGI)搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器(第4版)

ctgwglzc 2008-12-8 16:19:07 1382
  [文章作者:张宴 本文版本:v4.7 最后修改:2008.11.24 转载请注明原文链接:http://blog.s135.com/post/366.htm]

  前言:本文是我撰写的关于搭建“Nginx + PHP(FastCGI)”Web服务器的第4篇文章。本系列文章作为国内最早详细介绍 Nginx + PHP 安装、配置、使用的资料之一,为推动 Nginx 在国内的发展产生了积极的作用。这是一篇关于Nginx 0.7.x系列版本的文章,安装、配置方式与第3篇文章相差不大,但配置参数有不同。Nginx 0.7.x系列版本虽然为开发版,但在很多大型网站的生产环境中已经使用。
  

  Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和反向代理服务器,也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的 Rambler.ru 站点开发的,它已经在该站点运行超过两年半了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。

  Nginx 超越 Apache 的高性能和稳定性,使得国内使用 Nginx 作为 Web 服务器的网站也越来越多,其中包括新浪博客新浪播客网易新闻等门户网站频道,六间房56.com等视频分享网站,Discuz!官方论坛水木社区等知名论坛,豆瓣YUPOO相册海内SNS迅雷在线等新兴Web 2.0网站。

 Nginx 的官方中文维基:http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxChs

7 回复

ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:44:15
楼主
点击查看详情
在高并发连接的情况下,Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品。Nginx同时也可以作为7层负载均衡服务器来使用。根据我的测试结果,Nginx 0.7.22 + PHP 5.2.6 (FastCGI) 可以承受3万以上的并发连接数,相当于同等环境下Apache的10倍

  根据我的经验,4GB内存的服务器+Apache(prefork模式)一般只能处理3000个并发连接,因为它们将占用3GB以上的内存,还得为系统预留1GB的内存。我曾经就有两台Apache服务器,因为在配置文件中设置的MaxClients为4000,当Apache并发连接数达到3800时,导致服务器内存和Swap空间用满而崩溃。

  而这台 Nginx 0.7.22 + PHP 5.2.6 (FastCGI) 服务器在3万并发连接下,开启的10个Nginx进程消耗150M内存(15M*10=150M),开启的64个php-cgi进程消耗1280M内存(20M*64=1280M),加上系统自身消耗的内存,总共消耗不到2GB内存。如果服务器内存较小,完全可以只开启25个php-cgi进程,这样php-cgi消耗的总内存数才500M。

  在3万并发连接下,访问Nginx 0.7.22 + PHP 5.2.6 (FastCGI) 服务器的PHP程序,仍然速度飞快。下图为Nginx的状态监控页面,显示的活动连接数为28457(关于Nginx的监控页配置,会在本文接下来所给出的Nginx配置文件中写明):

  

  我生产环境下的两台Nginx + PHP5(FastCGI)服务器,跑多个一般复杂的纯PHP动态程序,单台Nginx + PHP5(FastCGI)服务器跑PHP动态程序的处理能力已经超过“700次请求/秒”,相当于每天可以承受6000万(700*60*60*24=60480000)的访问量(更多信息见此),而服务器的系统负载也不高:

  
ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:45:36
楼主
安装步骤:
  (系统要求:Linux 2.6+ 内核,本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.1,另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功)

  一、获取相关开源程序:
  1、利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库(RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包,进行安装):
  1. sudo -s
  2. LANG=C
  3. yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel
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 2、RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包(事先可通过类似“rpm -qa | grep libjpeg”的命令查看所需的RPM包是否存在,通常是“xxx-devel”不存在,需要安装)。RedHat可以直接利用CentOS的RPM包安装,以下是RPM包下载网址:
  ①、RedHat AS4 & CentOS 4
  http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/
  http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/x86_64/CentOS/RPMS/

  ②、RedHat AS5 & CentOS 5
  http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/
  http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/

  ③、RPM包搜索网站
  http://rpm.pbone.net/
  http://www.rpmfind.net/

  3、下载程序源码包:
  本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到2008年11月24日的最新稳定版。
  ①、从软件的官方网站下载:
mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.22.tar.gz
wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.6.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
wget http://php-fpm.anight.org/downlo ... 6-fpm-0.5.9.diff.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloa ... 0.com/mirror/mysql/
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.4.tgz
wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/soft ... cre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/sou ... tor-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
 ②、从blog.s135.com下载(比较稳定,只允许在本站,或者在Linux/Unix下通过Wget、Curl等命令下载以下软件):
ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:49:15
楼主
二、安装PHP 5.2.6(FastCGI模式)
  1、编译安装PHP 5.2.6所需的支持库:
  1. tar zxvf libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
  2. cd libiconv-1.12/
  3. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
  4. make
  5. make install
  6. cd ../

  7. tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
  8. cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
  9. ./configure
  10. make
  11. make install
  12. /sbin/ldconfig
  13. cd libltdl/
  14. ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
  15. make
  16. make install
  17. cd ../../

  18. tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
  19. cd mhash-0.9.9/
  20. ./configure
  21. make
  22. make install
  23. cd ../

  24. cp /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.* /usr/lib
  25. ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

  26. tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz
  27. cd mcrypt-2.6.7/
  28. /sbin/ldconfig
  29. ./configure
  30. make
  31. make install
  32. cd ../
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2、编译安装MySQL 5.1.29-rc
  1. /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
  2. /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
  3. tar zxvf mysql-5.1.29-rc.tar.gz
  4. cd mysql-5.1.29-rc/
  5. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-innodb
  6. make && make install
  7. chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
  8. chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
  9. cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf
  10. cd ../
复制代码
  附:以下为附加步骤,如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库,则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库,能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库,那么,以下两步无需执行。
  ①、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表:
  1. /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data --user=mysql
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 ②、启动MySQL(最后的&表示在后台运行)
  1. /bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf &
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ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:52:05
楼主
3、编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)
  1. tar zxvf php-5.2.6.tar.gz
  2. gzip -cd php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.9.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.6 -p1
  3. cd php-5.2.6/
  4. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl
  5. sed -i 's#-lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt#& -liconv#' Makefile
  6. make
  7. make install
  8. cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
  9. cd ../
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4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块
  1. tar zxvf memcache-2.2.4.tgz
  2. cd memcache-2.2.4/
  3. /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
  4. ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
  5. make
  6. make install
  7. cd ../

  8. tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
  9. cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
  10. /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
  11. ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
  12. make
  13. make install
  14. cd ../

  15. tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
  16. cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
  17. /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
  18. ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
  19. make
  20. make install
  21. cd ../
复制代码
ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:53:45
楼主
5、修改php.ini文件
  手工修改:查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
  修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
  并在此行后增加以下几行,然后保存:
  extension = "memcache.so"
  extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

  再查找output_buffering = Off
  修改为output_buffering = On

  自动修改:若嫌手工修改麻烦,可执行以下shell命令,自动完成对php.ini文件的修改:
  1. sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
  2. sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
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 6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP:
  1. mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
  2. vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
复制代码

  按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾,加上以下配置信息:
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
修改配置文件:
  1. vi /etc/sysctl.conf
复制代码
输入以下内容:
kernel.shmmax = 134217728
  然后执行以下命令使配置生效:
  1. /sbin/sysctl -p
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ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 13:59:01
楼主
 7、创建www用户和组,以及供blog.s135.com和www.s135.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录:
/usr/sbin/groupadd www -g 48
/usr/sbin/useradd -u 48 -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www
8、创建php-fpm配置文件(php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁,可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi):
  在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件:
  1. rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
  2. vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
复制代码
 输入以下内容(如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试,请将以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改为<value name="display_errors">1</value>,以便显示PHP错误信息,否则,Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页):
  • <?xml
    version="1.0"
    ?>

  • <configuration>
  •   All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix   

  • <section
    name="global_options">
  •     Pid file   

  • <value
    name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>
  •     Error log file   

  • <value
    name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>
  •     Log level   

  • <value
    name="log_level">notice</value>
  •     When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...   

  • <value
    name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>
  •     ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.   
  •     Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.   

  • <value
    name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>
  •     Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master   

  • <value
    name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>
  •     Set to 'no' to debug fpm   

  • <value
    name="daemonize">yes</value>

  • </section>

  • <workers>

  • <section
    name="pool">
  •       Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.   

  • <value
    name="name">default</value>
  •       Address to accept fastcgi requests on.   
  •       Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'   

  • <value
    name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

  • <value
    name="listen_options">
  •         Set listen(2) backlog   

  • <value
    name="backlog">-1</value>
  •         Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.   
  •         In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.   
  •         Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.   

  • <value
    name="owner"></value>

  • <value
    name="group"></value>

  • <value
    name="mode">0666</value>

  • </value>
  •       Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.   

  • <value
    name="php_defines">

  • <value
    name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

  • <value
    name="display_errors">1</value>

  • </value>
  •       Unix user of processes   

  • <value
    name="user">www</value>
  •       Unix group of processes   

  • <value
    name="group">www</value>
  •       Process manager settings   

  • <value
    name="pm">
  •         Sets style of controling worker process count.   
  •         Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'   

  • <value
    name="style">static</value>
  •         Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.   
  •         Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.   
  •         Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi   
  •         Used with any pm_style.   

  • <value
    name="max_children">128</value>
  •         Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style   

  • <value
    name="apache_like">
  •           Sets the number of server processes created on startup.   
  •           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected   

  • <value
    name="StartServers">20</value>
  •           Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.   
  •           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected   

  • <value
    name="MinSpareServers">5</value>
  •           Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.   
  •           Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected   

  • <value
    name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

  • </value>

  • </value>
  •       The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated   
  •       Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason   
  •       '0s' means 'off'   

  • <value
    name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>
  •       The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file   
  •       '0s' means 'off'   

  • <value
    name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>
  •       The log file for slow requests   

  • <value
    name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>
  •       Set open file desc rlimit   

  • <value
    name="rlimit_files">51200</value>
  •       Set max core size rlimit   

  • <value
    name="rlimit_core">0</value>
  •       Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path   

  • <value
    name="chroot"></value>
  •       Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path   

  • <value
    name="chdir"></value>
  •       Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.   
  •       If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs   

  • <value
    name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>
  •       How much requests each process should execute before respawn.   
  •       Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.   
  •       For endless request processing please specify 0   
  •       Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS   

  • <value
    name="max_requests">10240</value>
  •       Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.   
  •       Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)   
  •       Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.   

  • <value
    name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>
  •       Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH   
  •       All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment   

  • <value
    name="environment">

  • <value
    name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

  • <value
    name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

  • <value
    name="TMP">/tmp</value>

  • <value
    name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>

  • <value
    name="TEMP">/tmp</value>

  • <value
    name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

  • <value
    name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

  • <value
    name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>

  • </value>

  • </section>

  • </workers>

  • </configuration>
  • 9、启动php-cgi进程,监听127.0.0.1的9000端口,进程数为200(如果服务器内存小于3GB,可以只开启64个进程),用户为www:
    1. ulimit -SHn 51200
    2. /usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
    复制代码
     注:/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数,包括:start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate,修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi,重新加载配置文件使用reload。
     三、安装Nginx 0.7.22
      1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库:
    1. tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
    2. cd pcre-7.8/
    3. ./configure
    4. make && make install
    5. cd ../
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2、安装Nginx
  1. tar zxvf nginx-0.7.22.tar.gz
  2. cd nginx-0.7.22/
  3. ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
  4. make && make install
  5. cd ../
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 3、创建Nginx日志目录
  1. mkdir -p /data1/logs
  2. chmod +w /data1/logs
  3. chown -R www:www /data1/logs
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4、创建Nginx配置文件
  ①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件:
  1. rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  2. vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
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 输入以下内容:
user www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit;

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name blog.s135.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data0/htdocs/blog;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /data1/logs/access.log access;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.s135.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data0/htdocs/www;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

log_format wwwlogs '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /data1/logs/wwwlogs.log wwwlogs;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name status.blog.s135.com;

location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
}
  ②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件:
  1. vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
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输入以下内容:
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;
ctgwglzc
2008-12-8 16:19:07
楼主
 5、启动Nginx
  1. ulimit -SHn 51200
  2. /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
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四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
  1. vi /etc/rc.local
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 在末尾增加以下内容:
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
五、优化Linux内核参数
  1. vi /etc/sysctl.conf
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  在末尾增加以下内容:
  1. net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
  2. net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
  3. net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
  4. net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
  5. net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
  6. net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000 65000
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  使配置立即生效:
  1. /sbin/sysctl -p
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六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
  1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后,请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确:
  1. /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
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如果屏幕显示以下两行信息,说明配置文件正确:
  the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
  the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

2、这时,输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号:
  1. ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'
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屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号,例如:
  6302
  这时,执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效:
  1. kill -HUP 6302
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或者无需这么麻烦,找到Nginx的Pid文件:
  1. kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
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 七、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本
  1、创建脚本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
  1. vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
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  输入以下内容:
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
 2、设置crontab,每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志
  1. crontab -e
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 输入以下内容:
  1. 00 00 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
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